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also known as the Museo Nazionale Preistorico ed Etnografico, in Rome, Italy

The museum, inaugurated in 1876, is named after its founder Luigi Pigorini. It was originally housed in a 17th-century building which already housed the Kircher Museum, a collection of antiquities belonging to the Gesuit Athanasius Kircher. After the unification of Italy, the building was acquired by the government and part of the original collection was included in the new institution founded by Pigorini. Between 1962 and 1977 the museum material was relocated to the House of Sciences were is currently housed. The museum collection is divided in two sections devoted to pale-ethnology and ethnography. The pale-ethnological section mainly concentrates on Latium prehistory and protohistory, with exhibits from the local human settlements dating from the Iron Age onwards. The ethnographical section gathers various material (more than 6,000 items) of the indigenous cultures of Africa, America and Oceania, collected by missionaries, travelers, scholars and merchants.