Tanned, dyed skin, porcupine quill, beads, dyed hair, sinew.
Quill colours are orange, yellow, black and white (on pouch) and black, red and white (on carrying strap).

Flap-type closure. Porcupine quill decoration: one-quill edging.
Flap and bottom edges are trimmed with opaque white beads, and with tassels of metal cone, red-dyed hair, and cylindrical white and blue glass beads. Carrying strap consists of 16 skin thongs, bound together in pairs with quills; at top of strap and at either end where joined to bag, thongs are interwoven in netted technique. Thong ends terminate in tassels, as above. Sewing and quillwork are with sinew.

zig-zag band and simple line techniques on face. RP: Quilled panel on flap as a countour of Thunderbird; the wavy line abovecentral quilled panel has intervals of flat line with pairs of curves. Not common to have such fine ornamental ending of strap on back where not seen (noting the fine knetted quill endings of strap).

Hair in metal cones, hair is probably attached as a U-bunch and folded over, then was cut short 1/2 way so that half is longer with elegant effect (a thong is visible). RP: Caldwell bags are pristine condition, probably made for his ritual adoption and worn for the ceremony and portrait.

1780 C

(from Arthur Speyer, via Ted Brasser, Plains Ethnologist, National Museum of Man, Ottawa) Formerly in the collection of Sir John Caldwell. Caldwell was 5th Baronet, Castle Caldwell, County Fermanagh, Ireland. He served from 1774-1780 during the American Revolution as an officer in the 8th Regiment on Foot. He was stationed briefly at Niagara, then sent to Fort Detroit. Was made a chief of the Ojibwa and given the name Appato, The Runner. Took part in a council at the Shawnee village of Wakeetomike on Jan. 17, 1780; and supposedly councilled with Munsee, Delaware, Iroquois, Shawnee, Huron, Illini. A few pieces from his collection are in the Liverpool Mus. and they also have a complete set of color slides of the entire coll. (as does the Horniman Mus.)

<br/> Bojou Neejee, April 1976-August 1979
<br/> Cobourg Art Gallery, September 1979-October 1979
<br/> Trade Silver Exhibit, August 1980-February 1984

Benndorf and Speyer (1968); TREASURES, Canadian Museum of Civilization, Old Bridge Press, National Museums of Canada, 1988; Bo'jou Neejee exhibit catalogue #67.