Description of Land Sold:

Archival document includes a map demonstrating the boundaries of the following tract of land being surrendered by the Chippewa Nation:

Commencing in the division line between the Home District and the District of London at one of the most northerly angles of the District of Gore, being at the distance of fifty miles (on a course north forty-five degrees west) from the outlet of Burlington Bay on Lake Ontario; then on a course about north eighty-four degrees west (so as to strike Lake Huron ten miles and three quarters of a mile north of the mouth of a large river emptying into the said lake, called by Capt. Owen, of the Royal Navy, Red River Basin) seventy miles to Lake Huron; then southerly along the shore of Lake Huron, crossing the mouth of the said river, and following the several turnings and windings of the said lake along the water’s edge to the river St. Clair; thence southerly down the said river with the stream until it intersects the north-west angle of the Shawnese Township (now the township of Sombra) at a hickory tree marked with a broad arrow on two sides, half a chain above the mouth of a small river; then east along the northern boundary of the said township to the north-east angle thereof, nine hundred and twenty-three chains; then north two miles; then on a course about north sixty-two degrees thirty minutes east (so as it will intersect the north-west angle of the Township of London on a straight line) forty-eight miles more or less, to the north-west angle of the Township of London on a course north sixty-eight degrees thirty minutes east nine hundred and sixty chains, to the north-east angle of the said township; then south twenty-one degrees thirty minutes east along the eastern boundary line of the said Township of London to the purchase line in 1796; then along the said purchase line (being the northern boundary of Oxford and Dorchester North) on a course north sixty-eight degrees thirty minutes east until it intersects the purchase line in 1792, at the Upper Forks of the River La Tranche or Thames, near the south-west angle of the Township of Blandford; then northerly and westerly up and along the eastern edge of the said river against the stream until it intersects the third line on a south course from the outlet of Burlington Bay of the said purchase in 1792; then north along the said purchase line twenty-four miles, until it intersects the northern boundary line of the said purchase; then north forty-five degrees east along the said northern boundary line twenty miles, to the place of beginning – containing two million two hundred thousand acres.

A tract of land will be reserved for the use and enjoyment of the said Nation of Indians, situated at the mouth of the River aux Sable, on Lake Huron. Beginning at the north-west angle of the reserve at the water’s edge, at the distance of one chain seventy-two links (on a course north twenty-eight degrees west) from where a large cedar post squared and marked to the east “Reserve,” to the west “12th October, 1826,” and to the north “M. Burwell, Deputy Surveyor,” has been planted well in the sand on the hillock; then from the place of beginning on Lake Huron south twenty-eight degrees east eighty chains, one mile post-marked; then on the same course eighty-chains, two miles post marked; then along the same course eight chains, to the rear of the reserve at its south-west angle, where stands a large elm tree squared and marked on the north and east sides “Reserve”; then north sixty-two degrees east eighty chains, one mile post marked; then on the same course eighty chains, two miles, to the post of black ash squared, marked and witnessed; then north twenty-eight degrees west eighty chains, one mile post marked; then on the same course seventy-six chains eighty-five links to a cedar post squared and marked on the west “Reserve”, and on the east “1826”; then on the same course one chain eight links to the water’s edge of Lake Huron; then westerly along the shore of the said lake to the place of beginning, containing two thousand six hundred and fifty acres; and also all that certain other part or parcel of the said tract which is hereinafter more particularly described, and which is situated at Kettle Point, on Lake Huron, that is to say: beginning at the water’s edge at the north-east angle, at the distance of two chains (on a course north) from where a large cedar post has been planted in the said bank, squared and marked on the west “Reserve”, and on the east “October 1826”; then from the place of beginning on Lake Huron, south eighty chains (one mile post marked); then on the same course eighty chains (two miles post marked); then on the same course four chains fifty links to the south-east angle of the reserve, at which is planted a large black ash post squared, and marked “Reserve”, on two sides and “1826” on the east and south sides, and witnesses marked all round it; then west eighty chains (one mile post marked); then on the same course forty-six chains ninety links to the shore of Lake Huron (coming out two chains southerly from the entrance of a creek into the bay), where a large ironwood post squared and marked has been planted; then northerly and easterly along the shore of Lake Huron, following its several turnings and windings round Kettle Point to the place of beginning, containing two thousand four hundred and forty-six acres; and also all that certain other part or parcel of the said tract which is hereinafter more particularly described, and which is situated on the River St. Clair below the rapids, that is to say; beginning at the south-west angle of the reserve at the water’s edge of the River St. Clair at the distance of fifty-eight links (on a course north eighty-nine degrees thirty-three minutes west), from where a large red elm post has been planted in the side of the bank, squared and marked to the north “reserve” and to the east “1826), and a broad arrow standing fifty-eight links from the water’s edge; the south eight-nine degrees thirty-three minutes east eighty chains, one mile post marked; then on the same course eighty chains, three miles post; then on the same course eighty chains, four miles post marked; then on the same course eighty chains, five miles post marked; then on the same course two chains fifty links to the south-east angle of the reserve, at which is planted a large white oak post, marked “reserve” on the north and west, and “1826” on the south and east; then north twenty-seven minutes east eighty chains, one mile post marked; then on the same course eighty chains, two miles post marked; then one the same course eighty chains, three miles post marked; then on the same course eighty chains, four miles, where a large black ash corner post has been planted, squared and marked on the south and west “reserve”, and on the north and east “1826”, with witnesses marked all round; then north eighty-nine degrees thirty-three minutes west eighty chains, one mile post marked; then on the same course eight chains, two miles post marked; then on the same course fifty-six chains ninety links to a large white oak post, squared and marked on the east and south “reserve”, on the north “1826”, with a broad arrow, and on the west “M. Burwell, Deputy Surveyor, 30th October 1826,” then on the same course fifty-five links to the River St. Clair; then southerly along the shore of the said river, with the stream, to the place of beginning – containing ten thousand two hundred and eighty acres.

And also all that other certain part or parcel of the said tract which is hereinafter more particularly described, and which is situated on the River St. Clair, adjoining the northern boundary of the Township of Sombra, that is to say: beginning at the edge of the River St. Clair and at the north-west angle of the Township of Sombra; then north eighty-eight degrees eighteen minutes east eight chains, one mile post marked; then on the same course eighty chains, two miles post marked; then on the same course eight chains, to a post marked three miles; then on the same course seventy-three chains thirty-six links to the south-east angle of the reserve, at which a large black ash post has been planted and marked; then north one degree forty-two minutes east eighty chains, one mile to the north-east corner of the reserve at which a large white oak post has been planted, squared, and marked with witnesses marked around it; then south eighty-eight degrees eighteen minutes west eighty chains, post marked one mile; then on the same course eighty chains to a post marked two miles; then on the same course eighty chains to a post marked three miles; then on the same course to a post marked four miles; the on the same course nine chains forty links to a large white post squared and marked and witnesses marked all around it, for the north-west corner of the reserve; then on the same course sixty links, descending to the River St. Clair; then southerly along the shore of the said river with the stream to the place of beginning – containing two thousand five hundred and seventy-five acres, which said four reserved tracts, hereinbefore described, contain together seventeen thousand nine hundred and fifty one acres, leaving of the tract of land first herein described two million one hundred and eighty two thousand and forty-nine acres, hereby surrendered and yielded up to Our Sovereign Lord the King. George Ironside, Esquire, Superintendent of Indian Affairs within the Province of Upper Canada, doth hereby declare and agree that there shall be paid yearly and every year in perpetuity to the said Indians of the Chippewa Nation now inhabiting the said tract, and to their posterity, the sum of one thousand and one hundred pounds of lawful money of Upper Canada in goods.

Witnesses:

Joseph De La Hay, Capt., 70th Regt., Comdg.

Wm. Taylor, Lt. 70th Regt.

H.D.C. Douglas, Lt. R. N.

M.P. Bailey, D.A.

Crown Signatories:

George Ironside, S.I.A.

First Nation’s Signatories:

Wawanosh

Osawip

Shashawinibisie

Pukinince

Negig

Cheebican

Mukatuckijigo

Mshikinaibik

Animikince

Peetawtick

Shawanipinissie

Saganash

Annotowin

Pinessiwagum

Shaiowkima

Chekateyan

Mokeetchewan

Quaikeegon

Date document signed

Canada, Indian Treaties and Surrenders from 1680 to 1890, 2 vols., (Ottawa: Queen’s Printer, 1891), 1: 71-75.

10 July 1827, Map of Land Surrendered in Waterloo, Wellington, Huron, Lambton, Middlesex, Oxford and Perth Counties, Library and Archives Canada, Indian Affairs, D-10a, Series A, Volume 1843, Reel T-9938, GAD REF IT 093, http://grasac.org/gks, (heritage item id no. 2782, accessed [date]).

This record was created under the direction of Heidi Bohaker as part of a larger research project funded by an Aboriginal Research Grant titled ““Braiding Knowledges: Anishinaabe Heritage in Community Perspective”from the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council (SSHRC).