gaya:ˀ bag, pouch

gaya:ˀ bag, pouch

gaya:ˀ bag, pouch

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Introduction

This relative, a small gaya:ˀ (bag or pouch), is made of nettlestalk and decorated with moosehair false embroidery and quillwork. Wendat, made before 1759. Collected by Sir Hans Sloane, this gaya:ˀ was one of several items bequeathed to the British Museum in 1759, where it currently resides.

Name of Maker(s): Unrecorded
Maker role: Artist
Nation of Maker: Huron-Wendat
Nation of Origin

Wendat

Date Made or Date Range: 17 century to Mid 18 century
Materials

The bag's body is made of nettlestock twine. It is decorated with mooosehair in brown, white and orange and porcupine quills in faded red or orange.

Techniques or Format

This bag is heddle woven and embroidered with moose hair tapestry. It is also decorated with quillwork. As there are no visible seams or knots, even on the bottom, this bag is exceptionally well-made.

Motifs and Patterns

Geometric motifs - triangles, and rectangles placed in together to form diamonds.

Other Notes

During a GRASAC research visit to the Ethnologisches Museum Berlin in May 2019, Curator Monika Zessnik translated museum records for a pouch IV-B-1 that indicated similarities with a pouch at the British Museum. Cara Krmpotich believes this is the pouch at the British Museum referred to, based on similarities in construction and design and time period.

The following notes were provided to GRASAC by Tom Paulsen via the Contribute Knowledge webform in December 2023:
The tradition of weaving and use of adding moose hair into the twinned elements is called "false embroidery." These bands number less than about 12 known items. All except one have this red/orange mirrored design, which Tom Paulsen believes to have been produced using blood root. The black colour is walnut combined with iron in order to get a really intense black, while the white is the natural color of moose hair. These bags are usually attributed to the Huron people. Also, the majority of these bags exist in European museums in France, England, Germany, etc., but that does not mean that there are not others located elsewhere not identified as coming from the Americas, in this case Canada.

Dimensions: 70 × 0 × 0 cm
Condition: Good.
Reasons for connecting this relative with particular times, materials, styles and uses

The latest date of manufacture would be the mid 18th century, but it could have been made in the 17th or early 18th century.

Current Location: British Museum, London, UK
Catalogue, Accession or Reference Number: AM,SLMisc.203
Who the Institution Acquired the Relative or Heritage Item From: Sir Hans Sloane
Collection Narratives and Histories

Collected by Sir Hans Sloane. Part of Sloane's collection bequeathed to the British Museum in 1753. From where did Sloan obtain his items?

Publication History

JCH King, Thunderbird and Lightening (British Museum Press, 1982) and First Peoples, First Contacts (British Museum Press, 1999)

GKS Reference Number: 26695
How to Cite this Item

Unknown Huron-Wendat artist, bag. Currently in the British Museum, AM,SLMisc.203. Item photographed and described as part of a GRASAC research trip December 2007; GRASAC item id 26695.

Record Creation Context

This record was created as part of a Great Lakes Research Alliance for the Study of Aboriginal Arts and Cultures (GRASAC) research trip to the Pitt Rivers Museum and British Museum, December 8-22 2007, funded by a grant from the International Opportunities fund of the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council (SSHRC).

Record Creation Notes/Observations

Researchers present: Heidi Bohaker (HB), Alan Corbiere (AC), Stacey Loyer (SL), Janis Monture (JM), Ruth Phillips (RP), Anne De Stecher (AS), Cory Willmott (CW).