Assikinawk's Reading of the 1764 Covenant Chain Belt and the 22 Nations Belt.

Assikinawk's Reading of the 1764 Covenant Chain Belt and the 22 Nations Belt.

Assikinawk's Reading of the 1764 Covenant Chain Belt and the 22 Nations Belt.

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Introduction

In his reading of the Niagara belts, Assikinawk, speaking as Johnson, refers to the Covenant Chain wampum belt as "the body of my words," which appears to be an unequivocal assertion that the belt is indeed a corporal manifestation of the contract made. He also says that when he sits with the Aboriginal Nations, he will never be with empty hands. According to Assikinawk, Johnson also stated "the Indians, being my adopted children their life shall never sink in poverty." Invoking the metaphor of sacred fire, Johnson adds "In the central part of your land I plant a big fire...and the Indians dwelling round will frequent it in order to enjoy the benefit of its warmth." ; Assikinawk then speaks of the 24 Nations Belt, which has upon it the figures of 24 diferent nations, and a vessel representing the British. Johnston then says that if ever the Nations find "the strength of [their] life reduced" they are to pull on his vessel, and when it arrives where they stand, they will find themselves "supplied with plenty." ; Assikinawk explains that the Great Fire symbolic of the exchange of these belts, which he understands is now to go out, cannot go out given its significance to the agreements. Unfortunately, the document does not provide the context explaining why the fire is to go out.

Nation of Maker: None
Nation of Origin

In Document: The 24 Nations privy to the 24 Nations Belt Treaty of Niagara 1764.

 

Place of Origin: Manitowaning, ON
Date Made or Date Range: 1851-10-21
Techniques or Format

Ink on paper

Description of Writing/Text

People: Assikinawk! J.B.! Indian Chief!; Johnson! Great British Officer; [Assikinawk's] Great Grandfather; Great Spirit

Reasons for connecting this relative with particular times, materials, styles and uses

Date given in document.

Catalogue, Accession or Reference Number: NAC, RG10, Volume 613, pp.440-442.
Date Relative was First Removed or Collected from its Community Context: 0
GKS Reference Number: 894
How to Cite this Item

NAC, RG10, Volume 613, pp.440-442.

Record Creation Context

Created by Research Assistant Aaron Mills during the first summer of the SSHRC Aboriginal Research Grant 2007 to 2010

Approximate Place of Origin

45.7364, -81.8031