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Introduction

Mat made of birch bark, flattened root and sweetgrass, decorated with quillwork. Anishinaabeg, 19th century, probably from Manitoulin. One of several items collected by Father Edward Purbrick in 1879 and donated to Stonyhurst College. Part of the collection purchased by the British Museum from Stonyhurst College in 2003.

Nation of Maker: Anishinaabe
Nation of Origin

British Museum accession record.

Date Made or Date Range: Early 19 C to Late 19 C
Summary of Source(s) for this Relative

Created from information in the British Museum object catalogue and contributions made by the GRASAC research team.

Materials

Made of birch bark discs, flattened root, black thread, sweetgrass and porcupine quills, natural and dyed green, magenta, purple, yellow, and reddish-orange. Aniline dyes were used to colour the porcupine quills.

Techniques or Format

Four birch bark discs decorated with quillwork compose the centre of the mat, which is framed by bunches of coiled sweetgrass wrapped with black thread. Three sections of this wrapped sweetgrass are separated by two sections of flattened root and bent into a zig zag pattern.

Motifs and Patterns

Floral and berry motifs.

Dimensions: 29.5 × 25.5 × 0 cm
Reasons for connecting this relative with particular times, materials, styles and uses

British Museum accession record. Father Edward Purbrick acquired this item, along with other similarly-quilled birch bark pieces, while on a tour of inspection of Canadian Jesuit missions in the Central and Eastern Great Lakes region.

Current Location: British Museum, London, UK
Catalogue, Accession or Reference Number: Am2003,19.55
Collection at Current Location: Purbrick Collection
Date of Acquisition by the Institution: 2003
Who the Institution Acquired the Relative or Heritage Item From: Stonyhurst College
Date Relative was First Removed or Collected from its Community Context: 1879
Collection Narratives and Histories

Collected by Father Edward Purbrick in 1879 and subsequently donated to the Stonyhurst College, a Jesuit school in Lancashire. The Stonyhurst Collection was purchased by the British Museum in 2003.

Sources to Learn More

A description of Father Edward Purbrick's collection and a discussion on the decorative styles of many of the birch bark items is found in Ruth Phillips, Trading Identities: The Souvenir in Native North American Art from the Northeast, 1700-1900 (Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press, 1998), 182-3.

GKS Reference Number: 26319
How to Cite this Item

Unknown Anishinaabeg artist, mat. Currently in the British Museum, Am2003,19.55. Item photographed and described as part of a GRASAC research trip December 2007; GRASAC item id 26319.

Record Creation Context

This record was created as part of a Great Lakes Research Alliance for the Study of Aboriginal Arts and Cultures (GRASAC) research trip to the Pitt Rivers Museum and British Museum, December 8-22 2007, funded by a grant from the International Opportunities fund of the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council (SSHRC).

Record Creation Notes/Observations

Researchers present: Heidi Bohaker (HB), John Borrows (JB), Lindsay Borrows (LB), Darlene Johnston (DJ), Jonathan King (JK), Stacey Loyer (SL), Janis Monture (JM), Bruce Morito (BM), Ruth Phillips (RP), Cory Willmott (CW).

Approximate Place of Origin

43.7918, -84.2994